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Magnetization-dependent spin Hall effect in a perpendicular magnetized film
In the spin Hall effect (SHE), a longitudinal charge-current induced transverse pure spin current has been extensively studied for the application of magnetization switching by spin-orbit torque. However, due to the strict right-hand rule among charge current, spin current, and spin polarization, this highly attractive switching scheme is not efficient and often accompanied by an unfavorable external magnetic field in a heterostructure with perpendicular magnetization. In this work, we lift the restriction by demonstrating the magnetization-dependent spin Hall effect (MDSHE) in a heterostructure of ferrimagnetic insulator YIG/perpendicular magnetized trilayer (PML) Pt(2)/Co(0.5)/Pt(2). Unlike the conventional SHE with the locked orientation of spin polarization, the spin current induced by the MDSHE can be arbitrarily and independently controlled by the magnetization direction of the PML. We reported about 3.6% of injected spins experience the effective spin rotation in PML. Our approach provides an explicit route in exploring the spin-to-charge conversion with controllable orientations of spin polarization, which offers significant advantages in developing energy-efficient spintronic devices.
T. C. Chuang, D. Qu* S. Y. Huang† and S. F. Lee, Magnetization-dependent spin Hall effect in a perpendicular magnetized film, Phys. Rev. Research 2, 032053 (2020) (R)
https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.032053
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